Bleeding

Chemotherapy and radiation may lower the number of platelets, which are cells that help the blood clot. Leukemia is one of the cancers that may cause a drop in platelets. People with low platelet counts are prone to bleeding. Be sure to avoid aspirin and check product labels for aspirin, as it thins the blood.

Bleeding in the Mouth

Chemotherapy and radiation may cause dryness or sores in the mouth, which may cause bleeding. Brushing or flossing may also make your gums or mouth bleed if your platelet count is low. These symptoms should be temporary.

What can I do about mouth bleeding?

• Rinse your mouth with ice water
• Use only a soft toothbrush that’s been rinsed in warm water
• If you can’t use a toothbrush, try a swab or tongue depressor wrapped in gauze
• Stick to foods that are soft and use a food processor for ones that aren’t
• Don’t eat or drink anything hot
• Keep lips moist and prevent cracks with a balm or lotion

Blood in the Stool

Low platelet counts may cause blood to show up in the stool. Bleeding may occur if there are enlarged blood vessels, also known as hemorrhoids. Strain, pressure, irritation or tumors can also cause bleeding.

What can I do to prevent bleeding in the stool?

• Eat plenty of fiber and drink lots of fluids
• Use a stool softener instead of enemas, laxatives, or suppositories
• Sit in a warm bath to soothe hemorrhoids

Keep a close eye on how much you are bleeding. If you are bleeding excessively, have red streaks in your stool, or bright red blood from your rectum, call your doctor.

Blood in Urine

When there is blood in the urinary system due to infection, injury, or a tumor, urine will appear red, pink, or tea-colored, and it may be painful to urinate.

What can I do to prevent bleeding in urine?

• Ask the doctor if you need medication and take it as advised
• Every eight hours, drink a quart of water, unless your doctor restricts your intake

Keep a close eye on how much you are bleeding. If you are bleeding excessively, have discoloration in urine, extreme pain while urinating or in your lower back, or have a fever of more than 100.5°, call your doctor.

This information does not replace advice from your doctor. Talk to your doctor about your symptoms and any health or treatment questions that you may have.